ICL 1900 Series Computers

Pre-ICL 1900 Systems - Where it all started


Ferranti Packard Logo from an FP6000 brochure Saskatchewan Power Corp. Ferranti Logo from FP6000 autocoder Manual

System Documents

Document Id Title Donor Document
Q.144 FP6000 computer system - PROGRAMMING MANUAL VKT FP6000 Programming.pdf
Q.151 FP6000 Computer System- Preliminary Technical Data RDM FP6000_Tech_Manual(partial).pdf
Q.152 FP6000 computer system - FORTRAN VKT FP6000 Fortran.pdf
Q.153 FP6000 computer system - autocoder VKT FP6000 Autocoder.pdf
  FP6000 Brochure Description shows that the I/O executive calls were entirely different to that of the ICT 1904/5/9 derivatives. - FP6000 Brochure.pdf
       
       

Peripherals

System Component #Made Brief Details
FP6000 CPU 8 Ferranti Packard Canada (FPC) in Toronto designed and created this, the first machine that can be seen as a member of the '1900 series' family of computers. The computer side of FPC was bought out by ICT in the UK and was enhanced with a more flexible I/O system to become the ICT 1904 and 1905 computers. According to Roger D. Moore (FPC) the #8 machine was shipped to ICT Putney for software development. This machine was the same one that a paper tape holding a binary copy of the E4BM executive, for which we created a 1905 emulator as the machine had an FPU. - This led to a separate project where we created an exec source for E4BM that could be reconfigured for any combinations of the devices valid on the original exec.
FP6010 Control Typewriter & Console   The operators' console, - an ASR33 typewriter and keyboard with a set of illuminated buttons that indicated the state of the machine and allowed the operator to submit commands to the system.
FP6011 Enquiry Station   What was this?
FP6110 Paper Tape Reader   385 CPS 1" paper tape reader
FP6130 Paper Tape Punch   110 CPS 1" paper tape punch
FP6200 Core Store 4K Words   6µS Core Store module, up to 8 of these could be installed.
FP6210 Core Store 4K Words   2µS Core Store module, up to 8 of these could be installed.
FP6310 Punched Card Reader    
FP6330 Punched Card Punch    
FP6410 Line Printer   300 lines/minute
FP6411 Line Printer   1000 lines/minute
FP6420 Audit Printer   What was this?
FP6421 Pocket Printer   What was this?
FP6500 Magnetic Tape or Drum Control   For FP6510 MT Units
FP6501 Magnetic Tape or Drum Control   For FP6512 MT Units
FP6510 Magnetic Tape Unit   Atlas/Orion compatible
FP6512 Magnetic Tape Unit   62.5 Kc
FP6520 Magnetic Tape Exchange   What was this
FP6530 Magnetic Drum Unit   163,840 words
FP6531 Magnetic Drum Unit   32,768 words
FP6615 MICR Document Sorter    


Software Documents

A mixture of mostly FORTRAN related material below, donated by Vince who worked on writing the FPC FORTRAN II compiler and on the early ICT FOTRAN IV compilers.
Document Id Description Donor Download  
Q.152 VKT FP6000 Fortran.pdf  
    VKT Fortran IV Arithmetic Pack WP.pdf Description of how arithmetic expressions are compiled in FP & ICT FORTRAN
VKT Fortran IV Flow Diagrams.pdf Flowcharts relating to the early ICT FORTRAN IV compilers (up to #XFAE)
Fortran Note 1 1900 FORTRAN Arithmetic VKT Fortran Note 01-V2.pdf Description of a number of the routines in SUBGROUPSRF3. Currently we do not have a copy of the SRF3 library, it if likely that the SRF4 library is similar to SRF3, but with the additional code to handle 22AM and EBM.
Fortran Note 2 Proposed method of describing a FORTRAN program to the FORTRAN compiler VKT Fortran Note 02.pdf  
Fortran Note 3 Overlay proposal VKT Fortran Note 03.pdf  
Fortran Note 4   VKT Fortran Note 04.pdf  
Fortran Note 5   VKT Fortran Note 05.pdf  
Fortran Note 6   VKT Fortran Note 06.pdf  
Fortran Note 7   VKT Fortran Note 07.pdf  
Fortran Note 8   VKT Fortran Note 08.pdf  
Fortran Note 9 VKT Fortran Note 09.pdf
Fortran Note 10   VKT Fortran Note 10.pdf  
Fortran Note 10A   VKT Fortran Note 10A.pdf  
Fortran Note 11   VKT Fortran Note 11.pdf  
Fortran Note 12   VKT Fortran Note 12.pdf  
Fortran Note 13   VKT Fortran Note 13.pdf  
Fortran Note 14   VKT Fortran Note 14.pdf  
Fortran Note 15   VKT Fortran Note 15.pdf  
Fortran Note 16   VKT Fortran Note 16.pdf  
Fortran Note 17   VKT Fortran Note 17.pdf  
Fortran Note 18   VKT Fortran Note 18.pdf  
Fortran Note 19   VKT Fortran Note 19.pdf  
Fortran Note 20   VKT Fortran Note 20.pdf  
Fortran Note 21   VKT Fortran Note 21.pdf  
Fortran Note 22   VKT Fortran Note 22.pdf  
Fortran Note 23   VKT Fortran Note 23.pdf  
Fortran Note 24   VKT Fortran Note 24.pdf  
Fortran Note 25   VKT Fortran Note 25.pdf  
Fortran Note 26   VKT Fortran Note 26.pdf  
Fortran Note 26A   VKT Fortran Note 26A.pdf  
Fortran Note 27   VKT Fortran Note 27.pdf  
Combined Fortran Notes   VKT Combined_FORTRAN_Notes.pdf This is simply all of the FORTRAN notes in one large pdf.
         
System Software        
General Purpose Loader   RDM GPL.pdf A description of the paper-tape General Purpose Loader (GPL). This program was actually the only part of program files that was actually a program image when the operators used the LO #TEST command to load the program from paper tape into store. The paper tape was followed by a fairly long forgotten sequence of 'consolidated semi-compiled' records which allowed the GPL to determine where in store various parts of the program were to be placed. After these records came the original semi-compiled records as emitted by the compilers used to create the parts of the program. Provided all of the required segments of the program were found, then the GPL would move the image that it had created in upper store down to its proper locations.

I find it interesting to note that the GPL, in order to move the program down in store needed to reserve some space in low memory prior to the start of the program. This fragment of code resided from location 30 to 44, explaining why 1900 programs always seem to start at location 45.
Consolidator   RDM CNSL.pdf A description of the actions of the paper-tape consolidator program.

This program was used to create the 'consolidated semi-compiled' paper tape using as input the various paper tape segments (also on paper tape) that were produced either by a compiler or were available as libraries of software. IT would punch a copy of the required GPL at the start of the output tape.

The ICT program #XPCA (paper tape consolidator) that we have is probably a close relative of #CNSL, the likely differences being in the I/O control instructions used as FP6000 exec did not employ the 159 (PERI) extracode to initiate I/O operations. ICT then created #XPCC their punched-card consolidator using #XPCA as a template.

Miscellaneous Documents
These documents may be of interest to those looking for more FP6000 information:

Document Id Title Donor Description/link
I.M.25 I.M.25 MK This I.C.T. document describes the 1904/5/9 machines (i.e. the first 1900s on the UK market, they were essentially the FP6000 with the ICT standard interface added, along with executive mode instructions to drive it, the FP6000 device interface was retained), it contains information about peripherals that in various cases are not well known. There is a reference and short description of the 1830 General Purpose VDU, which did exist and was documented and sold on the 1904/5/9 machines. Another device, the 1831 was a multi-VDU device with up to 64 small screens (4" x 2") for some sort of data entry or validation. This might be a device mentioned as the IDF.

im-25-s.pdf
PM10   RDM FP6000 peripheral control outline

PM10.pdf
PM22   RDM System Specification for FP6000 Drum Control

PM22.pdf
PM23 RDM System Specification for FP6000 Magnetic Tape Channel Control (FP6501) and Magnetic Tape Unit Control (FP6520)

PM23.pdf
PM24   RDM System Specification for FP6000 Card Reader Control (FP6300 and FP6301)

PM24.pdf
PM28   RDM Peripheral Designations - FP6000 -4, -5, -6, -7 and -8

PM28.pdf
PM29   RDM Notes on the Order Code

PM29.pdf
PM30   RDM Specification if Floating Point Arithmetic Unit (Part of FP6002 and FP6004).

It is interesting to note that this specification is perfectly usable as the specification for the later FPUs for the 1900 range.
1905 - Used this FPU. 130 and 131 not implemented by FPU, performed by extracode.
1907 - Same spec, but 130 implemented in hardware.
1905E - Used the 1905 FPU
1905F - Used the 1907 FPU
1904A - A new TTL based FPU added the 130 and 131 orders (FLOAT and FIX) as hardware orders.
1904S - As per 1904A
1906A - ECL to same spec, but also capable of extended floating point (4-words instead of 2).
1906S - as per 1906A

PM30.pdf
       


Thanks:

Thanks here are due to several contributors:

* Roger D. Moore
of Ferranti Packard Canada. Much of the FP6000 hardware and system software information is due to him.
* Vincent K. Taylor of Ferranti Packard Canada later ICT, and later FPC again. - He has provided a great deal of material on the FPC FORTRAN Compiler and on the early development of ICT FORTRAN IV.
* Mike Kirk